Kimchi jjigae

Kimchi jjigae (IPA: [kimʨʰi ʨigɛ]) is a variety of jjigae or stew-like Korean dish made with kimchi and other ingredients such as scallions, onions, diced tofu, pork, and seafood, although pork and seafood are generally not used in the same recipe.
Kimchi jjigae is often cooked in Korean homes using older, more fermented, kimchi, creating a much stronger taste and containing higher amounts of "good" bacteria also found in yogurt. The stew is said to be more flavorful if prepared with older kimchi, while fresh kimchi may not bring out a full and rich flavor.
Like many other Korean dishes kimchi jjiggae is usually eaten communally from the center of the table if more than two people order it. It is accompanied by various banchan (side dishes) and rice. It is usually cooked and served boiling hot in a stone pot.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (IPA: [ˈvɔlfgaŋ amaˈdeus ˈmoːtsart], full name Johann Chrysostom Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791) was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era. His more than 600 compositions include works widely acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic, concertante, chamber, piano, operatic, and choral music, and he is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers.
Mozart was born in Salzburg into a musical family and showed indications of prodigious abilities at a very young age. When he was five years old, he could both read and write music and had precocious skills as a keyboard and violin player. Much of his childhood and adolescence was taken up with tours, which included performances before many of the royal courts of Europe. In 1773, aged 17, he accepted a post as a court musician in Salzburg, but was unhappy with his low pay and limited opportunities. Over the next eight years, he frequently traveled in search of a better position and composed abundantly. This situation continued until his dismissal from Salzburg in 1781 by his employer, the Prince-Archbishop, and his subsequent departure for Vienna.
He spent the rest of his busy life in Vienna, where he achieved relative fame. However, his finances remained precarious, with periods of prosperity and of penury. In 1782, he married Constanze Weber against the wishes of his family; six children were born, of whom two survived infancy. Musically, this was a period of outstanding creativity which saw the production of many of his best known symphonic, concertante and operatic works, and his final, incomplete Requiem. The circumstances of his death, at the age of 35, have been much mythologized, but were most likely commonplace.
In his youth, Mozart had used his gifts of imitation and mimicry to learn from the works of others. From these lessons, in maturity, he fashioned a style that ranged in mood from the light and pleasant to the dark and violent, from a vision of humanity "redeemed through art, forgiven, and reconciled with nature and the absolute".His influence on all subsequent classical music has been profound. Beethoven wrote much of his early music in Mozart's shadow. Joseph Haydn, sometime mentor and later friend and admirer, wrote, "Posterity will not see such a talent again in 100 years". Others claim that, more than two centuries after his death, his talent remains unsurpassed.

Namdaemun

Sungnyemun or more commonly known as Namdaemun is a historic gate located in the heart of Seoul, the capital of South Korea. The landmark is officially called Sungnyemun, literally "Gate of Exalted Ceremonies," as written in hanja on a plaque on the wooden structure.[1] As the southern gate of the original walls surrounding Seoul during the Joseon Dynasty, it is widely known as Namdaemun, literally "Great Southern Gate." It is the first among the National Treasures of South Korea.
The wooden portion atop the gate was severely damaged by arson in the 2008 Namdaemun fire.[2]

History

Before the 2008 fire, Namdaemun was the oldest wooden structure in Seoul.[3] The city gate, made of wood and stone with a two-tiered, pagoda-shaped tiled roof, was completed in 1398 and originally used to greet foreign emissaries, control access to the capital city, and keep out Korean tigers, which have long been gone from the area. Construction began in 1395 during the fourth year of the reign of King Taejo of Joseon and was finished in 1398. The structure was rebuilt in 1447 and was renovated several times since.[3] It was originally one of three main gates, the others being the East Gate (Dongdaemun) and the now-demolished West Gate in the Seodaemun-gu district, named after the old gate.[4]
In the early part of the 20th century, the city walls that surrounded Seoul were demolished by the Japanese Government, ostensibly "to ease the flow of traffic in the area." A visit to Seoul by the Crown Prince of Japan prompted the demolition of the walls around Namdaemun, as the prince was deemed to be too exalted to pass through the gateway.[5] The gate was closed to the public in 1907 after the Japanese colonial authorities constructed an electric tramway nearby. Namdaemun was extensively damaged during the Korean War and was given its last major repair in 1961, with a completion ceremony held on May 14, 1963. [6] It was given the status of "National Treasure No.1"[7] on December 20, 1962.
The Gate was renovated again in 2005 with the building of a lawn around the gate, before being opened once again to the public with much fanfare on March 3, 2006.[8] During the restoration, 182 pages of blueprints for the gate were made as a contingency against any emergencies which may damage the structure.[9]

นัมแดมุน

นัมแดมุน (ประตูใหญ่ทางทิศใต้) คือประตูโบราณที่ตั้งอยู่ในกรุงโซล ประเทศเกาหลีใต้ มีชื่ออย่างเป็นทางการว่า ซุงเยมุน (숭례문, Sungnyemun ประตูแห่งความเคารพอันเหมาะสม) ถึงแม้จะไม่เป็นที่นิยมก็ตาม ประตูนี้นับได้ว่าเคยเป็นสิ่งก่อสร้างสร้างด้วยไม้ที่เก่าแก่ที่สุดในกรุงโซล การก่อสร้างเริ่มขึ้นเมื่อปี พ.ศ. 1938 (ค.ศ. 1395) ในรัชกาลของพระเจ้าแทโจ และแล้วเสร็จในอีก 3 ปีต่อมา ประตูบานนี้ได้รับการบูรณะปฏิสังขรณ์เรื่อยมา โดยมีขึ้นในรัชกาลพระเจ้าเซจงมหาราชเมื่อปี พ.ศ. 1990 (ค.ศ. 1447) และ รัชกาลพระเจ้าซองจงปี พ.ศ. 2022 (ค.ศ. 1479)
การซ่อมแซมใหญ่ครั้งสุดท้ายเกิดขึ้นเมื่อปี พ.ศ. 2505 (ค.ศ. 1962) ซึ่งต่อมาหลังจากการบูรณะแล้วเสร็จ รัฐบาลเกาหลีใต้ได้จัดให้เป็น สมบัติประจำชาติเกาหลีใต้ หมายเลขหนึ่ง เมื่อวันที่ 20 ธันวาคม ปีเดียวกัน
เมื่อเช้าตรู่วันที่ 11 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2551 เกิดเหตุลอบวางเพลิง สร้างความเสียหายอย่างหนักทั้งหลัง สะเทือนใจชาวเกาหลีและชาวต่างประเทศ[1] ซึ่งคาดกันว่าจะใช้เวลา 3 ปี งบประมาณกว่า 21 ล้านดอลลาร์สหรัฐในการบูรณะขึ้นมาใหม่